What Is Split Horizon?

What is Split Horizon? A Definition

Welcome to our “DEFINITIONS” category, where we shed light on various technical terms related to networking and IT. In this article, we will explore the concept of Split Horizon. If you’ve ever wondered what Split Horizon is and how it works, you’ve come to the right place.

Split Horizon is a technique used in computer networking to prevent routing loops and ensure efficient communication between network devices.

In a computer network, devices exchange routing information to determine the best path for data transmission. However, with complex networks and multiple paths, it is essential to prevent the possibility of loops, where packets of data continuously circulate without reaching their intended destination. Split Horizon addresses this issue by implementing rules that restrict certain routing updates from being sent back to the source.

So, how does Split Horizon work in practice? Let’s dive into a simple example to illustrate its functionality:

Suppose there are three routers connected in a triangle formation – A, B, and C. Each router is responsible for forwarding packets of data to their respective destinations. Without Split Horizon, router A might send a routing update to both B and C about a particular destination. Upon receiving this update, router B might forward it back to A, creating a loop. Split Horizon solves this problem by instructing router A not to send the update back towards router B, effectively breaking the loop.

By applying Split Horizon, routers effectively learn about the network topology without introducing unnecessary routing loops. This contributes to faster and more reliable data transmission within a network.

In conclusion, Split Horizon is a crucial technique in computer networking that prevents routing loops and ensures efficient communication. By restricting certain routing updates from being sent back to the source, Split Horizon helps maintain network stability and improves overall performance.